{"id":3218,"date":"2021-09-03T08:49:58","date_gmt":"2021-09-03T07:49:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.chi.ac.uk\/?page_id=3218"},"modified":"2023-11-27T10:32:02","modified_gmt":"2023-11-27T10:32:02","slug":"occupational-performance","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.chi.ac.uk\/research\/centres\/centre-for-health-and-allied-sport-and-exercise-science-research-chaser\/occupational-performance\/","title":{"rendered":"Occupational Performance Research Group"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h1>\n\t\tOccupational Performance Research Group (OPRG)\n\t<\/h1>\n\t<div class=\"sidebar-menu-wrapper\"><\/div>\n<h2>\n\t\tSpecialist Research in Occupational Performance\n\t<\/h2>\n<h3>\n\t\tDelivering research and consultancy to enhance performance in physically demanding occupations\n\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.chi.ac.uk\/app\/uploads\/2022\/07\/22-OPRG-Team-Photo-630x354.jpg\" alt=\"OPRG team photo\" itemprop=\"image\" height=\"354\" width=\"630\" title=\"22 OPRG Team Photo\" onerror=\"this.style.display='none'\"  \/>\n    <p>The Occupational Performance Research Group (OPRG) is led by Professor Steve Myers and Professor Sam Blacker, supported by a core team of 5 research fellows, 1 research associate and 1 research assistant.<\/p>\n<p>The OPRG specialises in delivering multi-disciplinary research and consultancy to enhance the selection, performance, protection and health of personnel working within physically demanding occupations. These occupations include the military, emergency services and industry.<\/p>\n<p>Additional contributions to the team are made by a range of other staff members across the Institute of Sport as well as from the groups PhD students.<\/p>\n<p>The OPRG has been awarded research contracts in excess of \u00a35M over the last 6 years, and has worked with a range of clients including, the British Army, Royal Air Force, Royal Marines, RNLI, and the National Ambulance Resilience Unit.<\/p>\n<p>For enquiries concerned with the OPRG please contact Professor Stephen Myers (<a href=\"mailto:s.myers@chi.ac.uk\">s.myers@chi.ac.uk<\/a>) or Professor Sam Blacker (<a href=\"mailto:s.blacker@chi.ac.uk\">s.blacker@chi.ac.uk<\/a>).<\/p>\n<h2>\n\t\tOur Researchers\n\t<\/h2>\n<h3>\n\t\tMeet our staff\n\t<\/h3>\n<h2>\n\t\tResearch History and Capability\n\t<\/h2>\n<h3>\n\t\tOur previous work\n\t<\/h3>\n    <p>Since 2016, The OPRG have delivered over \u00a35M of funded research.\u00a0 Our research has been supported though funding and collaborative working with the following organisations:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>British Army<\/li>\n<li>Royal Air Force<\/li>\n<li>Royal Navy<\/li>\n<li>Defence science and technology laboratories (Dstl)<\/li>\n<li>National Ambulance Resilience Unit (NARU)<\/li>\n<li>UK Police<\/li>\n<li>HM Prison Service<\/li>\n<li>Royal National Lifeboat Institution (RNLI)<\/li>\n<li>Arqiva Telecommunications<\/li>\n<li>Royal Life Saving Society UK<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Researchers from the OPRG have also delivered funded research and consultancy projects in previous employment to the UK Fire and Rescue Service, Department of Health and the Nuclear Industry.<\/p>\n<p>The field and laboratory based research undertaken by the OPRG aims to develop evidence-based solutions to enhance the health and performance of personnel working within physically demanding occupations. This research typically involves measuring and quantifying the underpinning mechanisms which are then used to inform applied evidenced-based solutions which can be implemented by organisations.<\/p>\n<p>The interlinked research themes covered by the OPRG include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Optimising Cognitive Performance<\/li>\n<li>Physical Employment Standards<\/li>\n<li>Physical Activity Exposure<\/li>\n<li>Physical and Nutritional Demands of Work and Training<\/li>\n<li>Thermal Strain of Work Tasks<\/li>\n<li>Optimising Physical Training Programmes<\/li>\n<li>Nutritional Strategies to Enhance Recovery and Adaption<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\n\t\tBrowse our Projects\n\t<\/h2>\n<h3>\n\t\tExplore our research projects\n\t<\/h3>\n<h4>\n\t\tPhysical Employments Standards\n\t<\/h4>\n    <p>Our research to develop Physical Employment Standards (PES) provides organisations with a framework of physical tests or assessments, which are based on the demands of their job role(s). The process for developing PES typically involves four phases of research: (1) Identifying the most critical physically demanding tasks performed in a job role; (2) quantifying the physical demands of these tasks; (3) developing physical tests based on the demands of the job which can be used in-service to assess serving personnel on a regular basis; and (4) developing pre-employment tests to select potential applicants which are empirically linked to the in-service tests and standards.<\/p>\n<h4>\n\t\tPhysical Activity Standards\n\t<\/h4>\n    <p>We develop and use a range of physical activity monitoring devices and techniques to measure the frequency, intensity, time, type and total energy expenditure related to physical activity that personnel in physically demanding occupations perform. These devices and techniques include heart rate monitors, accelerometers, GPS, and activity watches. This data can be used to inform the dose-response relationship between sedentary or physical activity behaviours with outcomes such as the development of physical fitness assessments, health outcomes or injury incidence.<\/p>\n<h4>\n\t\tPhysical and Nutritional Demands of Work and Training\n\t<\/h4>\n    <p>We use the physical activity monitoring devices described previously alongside video analysis techniques, ergonomic evaluations and the measurement of nutritional intake, through questionnaires and\/or dietary weighing, to quantify the physical and nutritional demands of the work and training performed by personnel. These data provide information on progression of training, if the energy and\/or nutritional requirements of personnel are being met and identify particular activities that are associated with higher risk of injury or impaired performance.<\/p>\n<h4>\n\t\tThermal Strain of Work Tasks\n\t<\/h4>\n    <p>We have the capability to use telemetry pills, rectal thermistors and skin thermistors to simultaneously measure core body temperature and skin temperature of groups of up to 20 personnel in the field environment. We have used these techniques to quantify the thermal strain associated with different work-tasks and identify potential interventions to mitigate rises in body temperature. We can also view the data captured by these devices in real-time to monitor personnel during research trials or at work.<\/p>\n<h4>\n\t\tOptimising Physical Training Programmes\n\t<\/h4>\n    <p>Through the information gathered on the physical demands of job-roles and training we have identified two key areas where we are currently undertaking fundamental research to (1) Quantify the relationship between training load and the development of physical fitness and injury risk (2) Develop strategies to optimise the development of muscular strength whilst maintaining or improving aerobic and anaerobic capacity and muscular endurance to perform job-tasks.<\/p>\n<h4>\n\t\tNutritional Strategies to Enhance Recovery and Adaption\n\t<\/h4>\n    <p>The high physical demands associated with work and training for physically demanding occupations is a causative factor for musculoskeletal injuries. Nutritional interventions that have the potential to enhance the recovery and adaptation of skeletal muscle following exercise may also lead to a reduction in musculoskeletal injury. We are currently developing techniques to better quantify the nutritional intake of personnel working in physically demanding occupations and investigating novel strategies to enhance the recovery of muscle following arduous exercise that may have the potential to reduce musculoskeletal injury incidence.<\/p>\n<h4>\n\t\tOptimising Cognitive Performance\n\t<\/h4>\n    <p>We have the capability to measure the cognitive demands of tasks using qualitative and quantitative methods including questionnaires, interviews, cognitive tests, simulation tasks, and eye-tracking. We have used these techniques to quantify the cognitive load associated with different work-tasks including demands on memory, attention, perception, coordination, and reasoning in relation to decision making and performance. We also investigate factors that influence cognitive load such as fatigue and anxiety. In addition, we have the expertise to identify interventions than enhance cognitive performance including optimising training designs, perceptual training and simulation training.<\/p>\n<h4>\n\t\tHazard Detection\n\t<\/h4>\n    <p>We have recently conducted research investigating the psychological factors and neurocognitive processes involved in drowning detection performance. We have also tested the efficacy of a pre-determined scanning strategy used by industry for hazard detection. We have also worked closely with lifeguards to quantify the impact of their role. We are currently undertaking an MRI study investigating expertise and training in lifeguards.<\/p>\n<h2>\n\t\tTechnical Reports and Publications\n\t<\/h2>\n<h3>\n\t\tRelated documents\n\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" id=\"fl-accordion--label-0\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"fl-accordion--panel-0\">Report Reference<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#\" id=\"fl-accordion--icon-0\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"fl-accordion--panel-0\"><i>Expand<\/i><\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<p><em><strong>2020<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Myers S.D., Blacker S.D., Siddall A. Powell S., Little P., &amp; Rolfs C. (2020). P<strong>hysical Activity Capture &amp; Evaluation System (PACES) to Inform Musculoskeletal Injury (MSKI) Prevention Strategies in Service Personnel<\/strong>. Defence And Security Accelerator (DASA)<\/li>\n<li>Rayson M.P., Siddall A.G., Doherty J., Osofa J., Myers S.D., Blacker S.D. (2020).\u00a0<strong>Development of Physical Competence Standards (PCS) for National Ambulance Resilience Unit (NARU)<\/strong>\u00a0Special Operations: Phase 3 &#8211; Development of Physical Competence Tests and Standards. Technical Report MRC\/20\/01.<\/li>\n<li>Hare, N., Bentall, R., Cheynes, S., Maskell, S., Myers. S. (2020)\u00a0<strong>What Happened Onboard MH370?.\u00a0<\/strong>Technical Report Aleph Insights<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>2019<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Blacker, S. Myers, S. D., Walker, E., Coakley, S., Rue, C. G., Lee, B., Doherty, J., Flood, T., Vine, C., M., R., Hale, B., Cordell, N. J., Knapik, J. J., Gebhardt, D., Mcdevitt, C. &amp; Monkhouse, J. (2019)\u00a0<strong>TIN 3.179: Development and Validation of Role Related Gender-Free Physical Employment Standards (PES) for the Ground Close Combat (GCC) Roles in the British Ministry of Defence (MOD)\u00a0<\/strong>&#8211; Phase 4 Final Report, Defence Human Capability and Technology Centre.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>2018<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Rayson M., Lee .B, Doherty .J, Peacock D., Blacker S. &amp; Myers S. (2018).\u00a0<strong>Thermal Responses to Performing Operational Tasks in Three Personal Protective Equipment Ensembles.<\/strong>\u00a0Technical Report: MRC\/18\/02<\/li>\n<li>Blacker, S. D., Myers, S. D., Walker, E., Coakley, S., Rue, C. G., Lee, B., Doherty, J., Flood, T., Vine, C., M., R., Hale, B., Cordell, N. J., Knapik, J. J., Gebhardt, D., Mcdevitt, C. &amp; Monkhouse, J. (2018).\u00a0<strong>Technical Report TIN 3.179: Development and Validation of Role-Related Gender-Free Physical Employment Standards for Ground Close Combat Roles, in the British Ministry of Defence &#8211;<\/strong>\u00a0Phase 3, Defence Human Capability Science and Technology Centre.<\/li>\n<li>Blacker, S. D., Myers, S. D., Walker, E. F., Lee, B. J., Rue, C. A., Coakley, S. L., Needham-Beck, S., Siddall, A., Doherty, J., Flood, T. R., Vine, C. a. J., Rayson, M., Mcdevitt, C. &amp; Hale, B. (2018).\u00a0<strong>TIN 3.179 Development and Validation of Role-Related Gender Free Physical Employment Standards (PES) for Ground Close Combat (GCC) Roles in the British Ministry of Defence (MOD) &#8211;<\/strong>\u00a0Phase 3c &#8211; Impact Analysis and Additional Non-GCC Women&#8217;s Trial Final Report.<\/li>\n<li>Myers, S.D., Blacker, S.D., Siddall, A.G., Needham-Beck, S.C., Powell, S.D., Edwards, V.C., Twaites, J., Cordell, N.C., Rayson, M.P., Knapik, J.J. (2018).\u00a0<strong>TIN 3.200 Measurement of Leisure and Occupational Physical Activity Exposure, Phase 2: Assessment of Physical Activity, Energy Balance and Musculoskeletal Injury Incidence During the British Army Regular Commissioning Course<\/strong>. Defence Human Capability Science and Technology Centre; February 2018.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>2017<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Blacker, S. D., Myers, S. D., Nevola, V. R., Rayson, M., Walker, E. F,. Coakley, S. L., Gallagher, C. A., Lee, B. J., Datson, N., Doherty, J., Flood, T.R., Vine, C. A. J., Hale, B., Cordell, N. J., Knapik, J., Gebhardt, D. L., Nindl, B.,., McDevitt, C., and Monkhouse, J. (2017)\u00a0<strong>Interim Technical Report &#8211; TIN 3.179: Development and Validation of Role-Related Gender-Free Physical Employment Standards for Ground Close Combat Roles, in the British Ministry of Defence &#8211; Phase 2<\/strong>. Defence Human Capability Science and Technology Centre; July 2017.<\/li>\n<li>Myers, S.D.\u00a0 Rayson, M.P. Reed, P.R. Nevola, V.R.; Blacker, S.D (2017)\u00a0<strong>TIN 3.223 Women in Ground Close Combat (WGCC) All Arms Physical Employment Standards (PES) Phase 1 &#8211; Final Technical Report<\/strong>. Defence Human Capability Science and Technology Centre; January 2017.<\/li>\n<li>Blacker S.D. (2017) Development and Validation of Role Related Gender Free Physical Employment Standards for Ground Close Combat Roles in the British Ministry of Defence. Forsvarets Forskningsinstitutt, Kjeller (Norwegian Defence Research Establishment). 24 February 2017.<\/li>\n<li>Myers, S.D., Needham-Beck, S.C., &amp; Blacker, S.D. (2017). Preliminary job analysis of non-GCC Army roles. Analysis Support Construct; 27 October 2017.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>2016<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Rayson, M. P., Blacker, S. D., Walker, E., Thompson, J., Gallagher, C., Doherty, J., and Myers, S. D. (2016)\u00a0<strong>Development of Physical Competence Standards (PCS) for National Ambulance Resilience Unit (NARU) Special Operations: Phase 2 &#8211; Physical Demands Analysis<\/strong>. Mark Rayson Consulting &amp; 香港六合论坛; 14 December 2016.<\/li>\n<li>Blacker, S. D., Myers, S. D., Coakley, S., Walker, E., and Hale, B. (2016)\u00a0<strong>TIN 3.179: Development of Interim Infantry British Army Physical Selection Standards for (Recruits) (PSS(R)) for Men and Women<\/strong>. Defence Human Capability Science and Technology Centre; 2016 01 July 2016.\u00a0 Contract No.: OS-DHCSTC_I398403_PT_T3_179\/006.<\/li>\n<li>Rayson, M. P., and Blacker, S. D. (2016)\u00a0<strong>National Ambulance Resilience Unit (NARU) Physical Competency Standards (PCS): Phase 1.\u00a0 Outcome of 2-day Focus Group to Identify Physically Demanding Tasks in the HART, MTFA and CBRN roles<\/strong>\u00a026-27 January 2016. Presentation to Ops Group; 13 April 2016.<\/li>\n<li>Rayson, M. P., Kingsnorth, A., Blacker, S. D., Esliger, D. W., Light, N., Cordell, N. J., Richmond, V. L., Knapik, J. J., Walker, E., Coakley, S., Dobbins, T. D., and Myers, S. D. (2016)\u00a0<strong>TIN 3.200 Measurement of Leisure and Occupational Physical Activity Exposure &#8211; Phase 1<\/strong>. Defence Human Capability Science and Technology Centre; 31 March 2016.<\/li>\n<li>Blacker, S. D., Myers, S. D., Nevola, V. R., Rayson, M., Walker, E., Coakley, S., Hale, B., Cordell, N. J., Knapik, J., Gebhardt, D. L., Billings, A., McDevitt, C., and Monkhouse, J. (2016)\u00a0<strong>Interim Technical Report &#8211; TIN 3.179: Development and Validation of Role-Related Gender-Free Physical Employment Standards for Ground Close Combat Roles, in the British Ministry of Defence &#8211; Phase 1<\/strong>. Defence Human Capability Science and Technology Centre; 2016 18 March 2016.<\/li>\n<li>Rayson, M. P., Blacker, S. D., Walker, E., Siddall, A., Myers, S. D., and Flood, T. (2016)<strong>\u00a0Development of Physical Competence Standards (PCS) for National Ambulance Resilience Unit (NARU) Special Operations:\u00a0<\/strong>Phase 3a &#8211; Development of Interim Physical Competence Tests and Standards. Mark Rayson Consulting &amp; 香港六合论坛; 21 December 2017.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>2015<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Blacker, S. D., West, A. T., and Wilkinson, D. M. (2015) Developing an Aerobic Fitness Standard for Arqiva Climbers. 香港六合论坛; 4 November 2015. Report No.: UoC\/15\/02.<\/li>\n<li>Wilkinson D.M., Blacker, S.D., Myers, S., Knapik J.J. (2014).\u00a0<strong>Fitness for Complex Terrains; A Review of the Army Annual Fitness Test<\/strong>. Defence Human Capability Science &amp; Technology Centre Report, 01 May 2015.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>2014<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Wilkinson D.M., Blacker, S.D., Rayson, M.P., Graveling, R., Crawford J., Knapik J.J. (2014).\u00a0<strong>Health and Safety Analysis, Performance Measurement and Action Planning<\/strong>. Royal National Lifeboat Institution. v1 01 December 2014<\/li>\n<li>Wilkinson, D. M., Willems, M. E., Myers, S., Blacker, S. D., Greenlees, I., &amp; Hale, B. (2014).\u00a0<strong>Physical and Cognitive Performance Following Long Chain Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis<\/strong>. Defence Human Capability Science &amp; Technology Centre Report, 01 February 2014.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" id=\"fl-accordion--label-1\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"fl-accordion--panel-1\">Abstract Reference<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#\" id=\"fl-accordion--icon-1\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"fl-accordion--panel-1\"><i>Expand<\/i><\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<p><em><strong>2020<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Edwards, V.C., Myers, S.D., Siddall, A.G., Needham-Beck, S.C., Powell, S.D., Jackson, S., Greeves, J., Wardle, S.L., Blacker, S.D.\u00a0<strong>Energy Availability of Officer Cadets during British Army Training.<\/strong>\u00a0Presented at the International congress of solider physical performance, Quebec City, Canada January 2020.<\/li>\n<li>Walker, F.S., Blacker, S.D., Needham-Beck, S.C., Hinde, K.L., Siddall, A.G., Fieldhouse, A., Greeves, J., Rayson, M.P., Myers, S.D.\u00a0<strong>A Job Task Analysis of British Army Dog Handlers.\u00a0<\/strong>Presented at the International congress of solider physical performance, Quebec City, Canada January 2020. Katrina L. Hinde, Stephen D. Myers, Andrew G. Siddall, Sarah C. Needham-Beck, Sam D. Blacker.<strong>\u00a0Task grouping by primary physical actions; a technique for developing physical employment standards.\u00a0<\/strong>Presented at the International congress of solider physical performance, Quebec City, Canada January 2020.<\/li>\n<li>Katrina L. Hinde, Stephen D. Myers, Andrew G. Siddall, Sarah C. Needham-Beck, Sam D. Blacker.\u00a0<strong>Task grouping by primary physical actions; a technique for developing physical employment standards.\u00a0<\/strong>Presented at the International congress of solider physical performance, Quebec City, Canada January 2020.<\/li>\n<li>Katrina L Hinde, Thomas J O&#8217;Leary, Julie P Greeves, Sophie L Wardle.\u00a0<strong>Measuring Protein Turnover in the Field; Implications for Military Research.<\/strong>\u00a0Presented at the International congress of solider physical performance, Quebec City, Canada January 2020.<\/li>\n<li>Ashdown, K.M., Blacker, S.D., Coakley, S.L., Rue, C.A, Doherty, J., Hale, B., Lee, ., Siddall, A.G, Needham-Beck, S.C., Flood, T.R., Vine, C.A.., Walker, E.F., Hinde, K.L., Osofa, J.., Walker, F.S., Fieldhouse, E.A., Greeves, J.P., Myers, S.D.\u00a0<strong>Changes in Physical Performance During Standard Entry Basic British Army Training<\/strong>. Presented at the International congress of solider physical performance, Quebec City, Canada January 2020.<\/li>\n<li>Doherty, J., Myers, S.D., Coakley, S.L., Rue, C.A., Hale, B., Lee, B., Siddall, A.G., Needham-Beck, S.C., Flood, T.R., Vine, C.A.J., Walker, E.F., Ashdown, K.M, Hinde, K.L., Osofa, J.I., Walker, F.S., Fieldhouse, E.A., Greeves, J.P, Blacker, S.D.\u00a0<strong>Changes in Physical Performance Following Royal Air Force Phase 1 Training<\/strong>. Presented at the International congress of solider physical performance, Quebec City, Canada January 2020.<\/li>\n<li>Walker, E.F., Blacker, S.D., Coakley, S.L., Rue, C.A, Doherty, J., Ashdown, K.M., Hale, B., Lee, B., Siddall, A.G., Needham-Beck, S.C., Flood, T.R., Vine, C.A.J., Hinde, K.L., Osofa, J.I., Walker, F.S, Fieldhouse, E.A, Greeves, J.P., Myers, S.D.\u00a0<strong>Changes in Physical Performance of British Army Junior Entry Recruits Following Basic Training<\/strong>. Presented at the International congress of solider physical performance, Quebec City, Canada January 2020.<\/li>\n<li>Needham-Beck, S.C., Tingelstad, H.C., Chass\u00e9, E., Blacker, S.D., Reilly, T.\u00a0<strong>Utility of an Isometric Mid-Thigh Pull Test to Assess Neuromuscular Fatigue During an Urban Operations Casualty Evacuation Task.\u00a0<\/strong>Presented at the International congress of solider physical performance, Quebec City, Canada January 2020.<\/li>\n<li>Osofa, J.I., Myers, S.D., Page, O., Coakley, S.L., Blacker, S.D.\u00a0<strong>Multi-stage fitness test performance predicts 2-km run performance in recreationally active individuals.\u00a0<\/strong>Presented at the International congress of solider physical performance, Quebec City, Canada January 2020.<\/li>\n<li>Powell, S.D., Siddall, A.G., Needham-Beck, S.C., Edwards, V.C., Jackson, S., Greeves, J., Blacker, S.D, Myers, S.D<strong>.Influence of Training Load on Injury Risk during British Army Officer Cadet Initial Military Training.\u00a0<\/strong>Presented at the International congress of solider physical performance, Quebec City, Canada January 2020.<\/li>\n<li>Siddall, A.G., Needham-Beck, S.C., Powell, S.D., Edwards, V.C, Blacker, S.D., Jackson, S., Greeves, J., Myers, S.D.\u00a0<strong>Accuracy of activity zone classification between heart rate reserve and accelerometry in military field exercise .\u00a0<\/strong>Presented at the International congress of solider physical performance, Quebec City, Canada January 2020.<\/li>\n<li>C.A.J. Vine., O.R. Runswick., S.D. Blacker., S.L. Coakley., &amp; S.D. Myers.\u00a0<strong>The Development of Two Military Specific Cognitive Performance Assessment Tools.\u00a0<\/strong>Presented at the International congress of solider physical performance, Quebec City, Canada January 2020.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>2019<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>T. Flood, E. F. Walker, S. Blacker, S. Myers, H. Sharp, S. Montanari, S. McGuire, B. J. Lee T<strong>he effect of exercise mode on exercise induced gastrointestinal damage during exercise performed at a fixed rate of metabolic heat production.<\/strong>\u00a0Extreme Environmental Physiology (University of Portsmouth, UK) (2019) Proc Physiol Soc 44, C52.<\/li>\n<li>Montanari S, Flood TR, Sharpe, H, Wicks M, Blanchard J, Kuennen, MR, Taylor L, Lee BJ.\u00a0<strong>Encapsulation of carbohydrate within a pectine-alginate hydrogel does not improve blood glucose availability whole body carbohydrate oxidation or time trial performance during prolonged cycling in hot and humid conditions.<\/strong>\u00a0Extreme Environmental Physiology (University of Portsmout, UK) 2019.<\/li>\n<li>Lee, B., Flood T., Hiles, A., Walker, E., Wheeler, L., Ashdown, K., Willems, M., Kuennon, M\u00a0<strong>New Zealand Blackcurrant Extract Increases Circulating Hsp32 and Hsp90\u03b1 But Doesn\u02bcT Affect Circulating Hsp72.<\/strong>\u00a0Presented at ACSM 2019. Medicine and Science in Sport and Exercise.<\/li>\n<li>Blacker S. D., Siddall A. G., Needham-Beck S. C., Powell S. D., Edwards V. C., Kefyalew S. S., Singh P. A., Orford E. R., Venables M. C., Jackson S., Greeves J. P. and Myers S. D. (2019).\u00a0<strong>Equation to Estimate Total Energy Expenditure in Military Populations Using a Wrist-Worn Physical Activity Monitor. American College of Sports Medicine<\/strong>\u00a0(ACSM) Annual Conference 2019. Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA. 28 May &#8211; 1 June 2019.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>2018<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Needham-Beck, S.C., Blacker, S.D., Jackson, S., Greeves, J.P., Myers, S.D. (2018).\u00a0<strong>A Preliminary Job Task Analysis of the Physical Demands of Non-Ground Close Combat Roles in The British Army<\/strong>.\u00a0<em>Presented at the 3<sup>rd<\/sup>\u00a0International Conference on Physical Employment Standards, July 2018, Portsmouth, UK.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Walker, E.F., Rayson, M.P., Rue, C.A., Siddall, A., Thompson, J., Flood, T.R., Doherty, J., Myers, S.D., Blacker, S.D. (2018).\u00a0<strong>Ongoing Development of a Physical Competency Standard for The National Ambulance Resilience Unit<\/strong>.\u00a0<em>Presented at the 3<sup>rd<\/sup>\u00a0International Conference on Physical Employment Standards, July 2018, Portsmouth, UK.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Lee, B.J., Rue, C.A., Walker, E.F., Coakley, S.L., Doherty, J., Flood T.R., Vine, C.A.J., Rayson, M.P., Knapik, J.J., Gebhardt, D., Nindl, B., Brown P.E.H., Jackson, S., Greeves, J.P., Myers, S.D., and Blacker, S.D. (2018).\u00a0<strong>Repeatability of A Fire and Movement Representative Military Task for The UK Armed Forces Ground Close Combat Physical Employment Standards<\/strong>.\u00a0<em>Presented at the 3<sup>rd<\/sup>\u00a0International Conference on Physical Employment Standards, July 2018, Portsmouth, UK<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Coakley, S.L., Twaites, J., Siddall, A.G., Walker, E.F., Lee, B.J., Rue, C.A., Vine, C.A.J., Doherty, J., Flood, T.R., Needham-Beck, S.C., Edwards, V.C., Powell, S.D., Jackson, S., Greeves, J.P, Langford, J., Hillsdon, M., Blacker, S.D., Myers., S.D. (2018).\u00a0<strong>Investigation of The Use of Machine Learning Algorithms to Identify Military Load Carriage Activity<\/strong>.\u00a0<em>Presented at the 3<sup>rd<\/sup>\u00a0International Conference on Physical Employment Standards, July 2018, Portsmouth, UK<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Edwards, V.C., Siddall, A.G., Needham-Beck, S.C., Powell, S.D., Jackson, S., Greeves, J.P., Wardle, S.L., Myers, S.D., and Blacker, S.D. (2018).\u00a0<strong>Timing of Nutritional Intake Around Physical Activity During Military Training<\/strong>.\u00a0<em>Presented at the 3<sup>rd<\/sup>\u00a0International Conference on Physical Employment Standards, July 2018, Portsmouth, UK<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Powell, S.D., Siddall, A.G., Thompson, J.E.S., Needham-Beck, S.C., Edwards, V.C., Jackson, S., Greeves, J.P., Blacker, S.D., Myers., S.D. (2018).\u00a0<strong>Gender Differences in Cardiovascular Strain During British Army Officer Cadet Training.<\/strong>\u00a0<em>Presented at the 3<sup>rd<\/sup>\u00a0International Conference on Physical Employment Standards, July 2018, Portsmouth, UK<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Peacock, D.C.C., Rue, C.A., Coakley, S.L., Walker, E.F., Vine, C.A.J., Lee, B.J., Doherty, J., Flood T.R., Rayson, M.P., Knapik, J.J., Gebhardt, D., Nindl, B., Brown P.E.H., Jackson, S., Greeves, J.P., Myers, S.D., and Blacker, S.D. (2018).\u00a0<strong>Exertional Forces Required to Stand-Up Following a Fall On Military Crosscountry Skis<\/strong>.\u00a0<em>Presented at the 3<sup>rd<\/sup>\u00a0International Conference on Physical Employment Standards, July 2018, Portsmouth, UK.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Siddall, A., Walker, E.F., Flood T.R., Rayson, M.P., Myers, S.D., Blacker, S.D. (2018).\u00a0<strong>Evaluation of A Simulation Test for Predicting Criterion Performance in A Marauding Terrorist Firearms Incident<\/strong>.\u00a0<em>Presented at the 3<sup>rd<\/sup>\u00a0International Conference on Physical Employment Standards, July 2018, Portsmouth, UK.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Rue, C.A., Myers, S.D., Walker, E.F., Coakley, S.L., Lee, B.J., Vine, C.A.J., Doherty, J., Flood T.R., Rayson, M.P., Knapik, J.J., Gebhardt, D., Nindl, B., Brown P.E.H., Jackson, S., Greeves, J.P., and Blacker, S.D. (2018).\u00a0<strong>The Development of a Repeated Lift and Carry (RL&amp;C) Representative Military Task (RMT) for the UK Armed Forces Ground Close Combat (GCC) Physical Employment Standards<\/strong>.\u00a0<em>P<\/em><em>resented at the 3<sup>rd<\/sup>\u00a0International Conference on Physical Employment Standards, July 2018, Portsmouth, UK.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Vine, C.A.J., Rue, C.A., Walker, E.F., Coakley, S.L., Lee, B.J., Doherty, J., Flood T.R., Rayson, M.P., Knapik, J.J., Gebhardt, D., Nindl, B., Brown P.E.H., Jackson, S., Greeves, J.P., Myers, S.D., and Blacker, S.D. (2018).\u00a0<strong>Development of a Swimming Representative Military Task for the Royal Marine Commandos&#8217; Physical Employment Standards<\/strong>.\u00a0<em>Presented at the 3<sup>rd<\/sup>\u00a0International Conference on Physical Employment Standards, July 2018, Portsmouth, UK.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Doherty, J., Blacker, S.D., Walker, E.F., Coakley, S.L., Lee, B.J., Vine, C.A.J., Rue, C.A., Flood T.R., Rayson, M.P., Knapik, J.J., Gebhardt, D., Nindl, B., Brown P.E.H., Jackson, S., Greeves, J.P., and Myers, S.D. (2018).\u00a0<strong>The Development of a Vehicle Casualty Extraction Representative Military Task for the British Army Ground Close Combat Physical Employment Standards<\/strong>.\u00a0<em>Presented at the 3<sup>rd<\/sup>\u00a0International Conference on Physical Employment Standards, July 2018, Portsmouth, UK.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Flood, T., Thompson, J.E.S., Blacker, S.D., and Myers, S.D. (2018).\u00a0<strong>Validity and Reliability of Heart Rate Measured from Four Wrist Worn Activity Monitors<\/strong>.\u00a0<em>Presented at the 23<sup>rd<\/sup>\u00a0Annual Congress of the European College of Sport Science, Dublin, Ireland.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Blacker, S. D., Rayson, M. P., Walker, E., Rue, C., Thompson, J. E., Doherty, J., &amp; Myers, S. D. (2018).\u00a0<strong>An Analysis of the Physical Demands of National Ambulance Resilience Unit (NARU) Roles<\/strong>: 2980 Board# 263 June 1 3.\u00a0<em>Medicine &amp; Science in Sports &amp; Exercise<\/em>,\u00a0<em>50<\/em>(5S), 740.\u00a0<em>P<\/em><em>resented at the 65th Annual meeting of the American College of Sports Medicine, June 2018, Minneapolis, USA<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Edwards, V. C., Myers, S. D., Siddall, A. G., Thompson, J. E., Powell, S. D., Jackson, S., &#8230; &amp; Blacker, S. D. (2018).\u00a0<strong>Timing of Energy and Macronutrient Intake of British Army Officer Cadets during Military Training<\/strong>: 2623 Board# 5 June 1 3.\u00a0<em>Medicine &amp; Science in Sports &amp; Exercise<\/em>,\u00a0<em>50<\/em>(5S), 639.<em>\u00a0P<\/em><em>resented at the 65th Annual meeting of the American College of Sports Medicine, June 2018, Minneapolis, USA<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Needham-Beck, S. C., Siddall, A. G., Thompson, J. E., Powell, S. D., Edwards, V. C., Blacker, S. D., &#8230; &amp; Myers, S. D. (2018).\u00a0<strong>Comparison of Training Intensity, Energy Balance, and Sleep Duration in British Army Officer Cadets between Base and Field Exercise<\/strong>: 2622 Board# 4 June 1 3.\u00a0<em>Medicine &amp; Science in Sports &amp; Exercise<\/em>,\u00a0<em>50<\/em>(5S), 639.\u00a0<em>P<\/em><em>resented at the 65th Annual meeting of the American College of Sports Medicine, June 2018, Minneapolis, USA<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Powell, S. D., Siddall, A. G., Thompson, J. E., Edwards, V. C., Jackson, S., Greeves, J. P., &#8230; &amp; Myers, S. D. (2018).\u00a0<strong>Comparison of Daily Energy Expenditure and Weekly Physical Activity Exposure Estimated Using Consumer and Research-grade Physical Activity Monitors During Officer Cadet Initial Military Training<\/strong>: 2625 Board# 7 June 1 3.\u00a0<em>Medicine &amp; Science in Sports &amp; Exercise<\/em>,\u00a0<em>50<\/em>(5S), 640.\u00a0<em>P<\/em><em>resented at the 65th Annual meeting of the American College of Sports Medicine, June 2018, Minneapolis, USA<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Siddall, A. G., Thompson, J. E., Powell, S. D., Edwards, V. C., Kefyalew, S. S., Singh, P. A., &#8230; &amp; Blacker, S. D. (2018).\u00a0<strong>Comparison of Research-and Consumer-grade Energy Expenditure Estimation Methods during 10 Days of Military Training<\/strong>: 2624 Board# 6 June 1 3.\u00a0<em>Medicine &amp; Science in Sports &amp; Exercise<\/em>,\u00a0<em>50<\/em>(5S), 640.\u00a0<em>P<\/em><em>resented at the 65th Annual meeting of the American College of Sports Medicine, June 2018, Minneapolis, USA<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Vine, C. A., Coakley, S. L., Myers, S. D., Walker, E. F., Rue, C. A., Lee, B. J., &#8230; &amp; Knapik, J. J. (2018).\u00a0<strong>Comparison of Pandolf Equation and Measured Metabolic Cost of Load Carriage in UK Military Personnel<\/strong>: 2620 Board# 2 June 1 3.\u00a0<em>Medicine &amp; Science in Sports &amp; Exercise<\/em>,\u00a0<em>50<\/em>(5S), 638.\u00a0<em>P<\/em><em>resented at the 65th Annual meeting of the American College of Sports Medicine, June 2018, Minneapolis, USA<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Lee, B. J., Doherty, J., Hiles, A. M., Carney, D., &amp; O&#8217;connell, M. C. (2018).\u00a0<strong>Accuracy, Precision and Comfort of a Microdialysis Device for Continuous Real-time Blood Lactate Monitoring<\/strong>: 3308 Board# 177 June 2 9.\u00a0<em>Medicine &amp; Science in Sports &amp; Exercise<\/em>,\u00a0<em>50<\/em>(5S), 820.\u00a0<em>P<\/em><em>resented at the 65th Annual meeting of the American College of Sports Medicine, June 2018, Minneapolis, USA<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Willems, M. E., Berendsen, T., Sahin, M. A., Myers, S. D., Blacker, S. D., &amp; Cook, M. D. (2018).\u00a0<strong>Effect of New Zealand Blackcurrant Extract on Substrate Oxidation and Cycling Performance in Normobaric Hypoxia<\/strong>: 2912 Board# 195 June 1 3.\u00a0<em>Medicine &amp; Science in Sports &amp; Exercise<\/em>,\u00a0<em>50<\/em>(5S), 720.\u00a0<em>P<\/em><em>resented at the 65th Annual meeting of the American College of Sports Medicine, June 2018, Minneapolis, USA<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Lee, B. Flood, T. Hiles, A. Wheeler, L. Costello, R. Walker, E. Ashdown, K. Kuennen, M. Willems, M. (2018). New Zealand Blackcurrant extract enhances fat oxidation during submaximal exercise in the heat. International Sports Exercise and Nutrition Conference, Newcastle, UK.<\/li>\n<li>Edwards V. E., Wardle S. L., Myers S. D., Siddall A. G., Needham-Beck S., Powell S. D., Jackson S., Greeves J. P. and Blacker S. D. (2018). Timing of Nutritional Intake of British Army Officer Cadets in Camp and Field Training Environments. International Sport and Exercise Nutritional Conference. Newcastle. 18-20 December 2018.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>2017<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Blacker S.D.\u00a0<strong>A review of the literature on the effect of load carriage on exercise induced muscle damage and potential links to musculoskeletal injury risk mitigation<\/strong>. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport 20, S4.\u00a0<em>Presented at the<\/em>\u00a0<em>International Conference on Soldier Physical Performance (ICSPP)<\/em>. Melbourne, Australia. December 2017.<\/li>\n<li>Blacker S.D.\u00a0<strong>Physical employment standards developed for the Armed Forces-A summary of the international status<\/strong>. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport 20, S8.\u00a0<em>Presented at the<\/em>\u00a0<em>International Conference on Soldier Physical Performance (ICSPP)<\/em>. Melbourne, Australia. December 2017.<\/li>\n<li>Coakley S.L., Myers S.D., Walker E., Hale B., Knapik J.J., Jackson S., Greeves J.P. and Blacker S.D. (2017) Poster<strong>: The Application of a Mathematical Model to Estimate the Aerobic Capacity Required to Complete an 8-mile Loaded March from an Individual&#8217;s Body Mass<\/strong>.\u00a0Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport 20, S66.\u00a0<em>Presented at the<\/em>\u00a0<em>International Conference on Soldier Physical Performance (ICSPP)<\/em>. Melbourne, Australia. December 2017.<\/li>\n<li>Doherty J., Blacker S.D., Walker E.F., Coakley S.L., Lee B.J., Vine C.A.J., Rue C.A., Flood T.R., Rayson M.P., Knapik J.J., Gebhardt D., Nindl B., Brown P.E.H., Jackson S., Greeves J.P. and Myers S.D. (2017)\u00a0<strong>A Job Task Analysis of a Parachuting Training Exercise Conducted by the British Army Parachute Regiment<\/strong>. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport 20, S66\u00a0<em>Presented at the<\/em>\u00a0<em>International Conference on Soldier Physical Performance (ICSPP)<\/em>. Melbourne, Australia. December 2017.<\/li>\n<li>Flood T.R., Myers S.D., Walker E., Coakley S.L., Rue C.A., Lee B.L., Vine C.A.J., Doherty J., Rayson M.P., Knapik J.J., Gebhardt D., Nindl B.C., Brown P.E.H., Jackson S., Greeves J.P. and Blacker S.D. (2017)<strong>\u00a0A Job Task Analysis of Casualty Drag Tasks Performed by the Ground Close Combat Roles in the UK Armed Forces<\/strong>. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport 20, S155.\u00a0<em>Presented at the<\/em>\u00a0<em>International Conference on Soldier Physical Performance (ICSPP)<\/em>. Melbourne, Australia. December 2017.<\/li>\n<li>Lee B., Myers S.D., Walker E., Coakley S.L., Rue C.A., Flood T.R., Doherty J., Vine C.A.J., Rayson M.P., Knapik J.J., Gebhardt D., Nindl B.C., Brown P.E.H., Jackson S., Greeves J.P. and Blacker S.D. (2017)\u00a0<strong>A Job Task Analysis of Digging Tasks Conducted by the Ground Close Combat (GCC) Roles in the UK Armed Forces<\/strong>.\u00a0Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport 20, S66.\u00a0<em>Presented at the<\/em>\u00a0<em>International Conference on Soldier Physical Performance (ICSPP)<\/em>. Melbourne, Australia. December 2017.<\/li>\n<li>Rue C.A., Myers S.D., Walker E.F., Coakley S.L., Lee B.L., Vine C.A.J., Doherty J., Flood T.R., Rayson M.P., Knapik J.J., Gebhardt D., Nindl B.C., Brown P.E.H., Jackson S., Greeves J.P. and Blacker S.D. (2017<strong>) A Job Task Analysis of Casualty Evacuation by Stretcher Tasks Performed by the Ground Close Combat Roles in the UK Armed Forces<\/strong>. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport 20, S64.\u00a0<em>Presented at the<\/em>\u00a0<em>International Conference on Soldier Physical Performance (ICSPP)<\/em>. Melbourne, Australia. December 2017.<\/li>\n<li>Vine C.A.J., Myers S.D., Walker E., Coakley S.L., Rue C.A., Flood T.R., Doherty J., Rayson M.P., Knapik J.J., Gebhardt D., Nindl B.C., Brown P.E.H., Jackson S., Greeves J.P. and Blacker S.D. (2017).\u00a0<strong>A Job Task Analysis to Quantify the Physical Demands of Load Carriage Tasks Conducted by the Ground Close Combat (GCC) Roles in the UK Armed Forces<\/strong>.\u00a0Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport 20, S64-65.\u00a0<em>Presented at the<\/em>\u00a0<em>International Conference on Soldier Physical Performance (ICSPP)<\/em>. Melbourne, Australia. December 2017.<\/li>\n<li>Walker E., Doherty J., Vine C.A.J., Coakley S.L., Rue C.A., Lee B.J., Flood T.R., Blacker S.D., Rayson M.P., Knapik J.J., Gebhardt D., Nindl B.C., Brown P.E.H., Jackson S., Greeves J.P. and Myers S.D. (2017).\u00a0<strong>Physical Demands of a Boarding Operations Training Exercise Conducted by the\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Royal Marines<\/strong>.\u00a0Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport 20, S114.\u00a0<em>Presented at the<\/em>\u00a0<em>International Conference on Soldier Physical Performance (ICSPP)<\/em>. Melbourne, Australia. December 2017.<\/li>\n<li>Siddall A., Thompson J.E.S, Powell S.D., Edwards V.E., Blacker S.D., Jackson S., Greeves J.P., Myers S.D (2017)<strong>\u00a0Estimation of military training demand from a wrist-worn activity monitor and the potential impact of activity level on improvement of aerobic fitness<\/strong>. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport 25, S114.\u00a0<em>Presented at the<\/em>\u00a0<em>International Conference on Soldier Physical Performance (ICSPP)<\/em>. Melbourne, Australia. December 2017.<\/li>\n<li>Blacker, S. D., Coakley, S. L., Walker, E., Hale, B., Jackson, S., Greeves, J. P., &#8230; &amp; Myers, S. D. (2017).\u00a0<strong>Gender Differences In British Army Infantry Representative Military Task Performance<\/strong>: 377 Board# 198 May 31 9.\u00a0<em>Medicine &amp; Science in Sports &amp; Exercise<\/em>,\u00a0<em>49<\/em>(5S), 95.\u00a0<em>P<\/em><em>resented at the 64th Annual meeting of the American College of Sports Medicine, June 2017, Denver, USA<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Gallagher, C. A., Rayson, M. P., Walker, E., Thompson, J. E., Doherty, J., Myers, S. D., &amp; Blacker, S. D. (2017, May).\u00a0<strong>The Physiological Responses of Specialist-role Paramedics Treating Casualties in a Simulated Firearms Incident<\/strong>. In\u00a0<em>Medicine and Science in Sports And Exercise<\/em>\u00a0(Vol. 49, No. 5, pp. 106-106).\u00a0<em>P<\/em><em>resented at the 64th Annual meeting of the American College of Sports Medicine, June 2017, Denver, USA.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Doherty, J., Rayson, M. P., Walker, E. F., Thompson, J. E., Gallagher, C. A., Myers, S. D., &amp; Blacker, S. D. (2017).\u00a0<strong>The Physiological Response of Specialist-role Paramedics Undertaking a Casualty Decontamination Scenario<\/strong>: 405 Board# 226 May 31 9.\u00a0<em>Medicine &amp; Science in Sports &amp; Exercise<\/em>,\u00a0<em>49<\/em>(5S), 106.\u00a0<em>P<\/em><em>resented at the 64th Annual meeting of the American College of Sports Medicine, June 2017, Denver, USA.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Thompson, J. E., Rayson, M., Walker, E. F., Gallagher, C. A., Doherty, J., Myers, S. D., &amp; Blacker, S. D. (2017).\u00a0<strong>The Physiological Responses of Specialist-role Paramedics Undertaking a Simulation Treating Casualties Exposed to Hazardous Materials<\/strong>: 403 Board# 224 May 31 9.\u00a0<em>Medicine &amp; Science in Sports &amp; Exercise<\/em>,\u00a0<em>49<\/em>(5S), 105-106.\u00a0<em>P<\/em><em>resented at the 64th Annual meeting of the American College of Sports Medicine, June 2017, Denver, USA.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Coakley, S.L., Myers, S.D., Walker, E., Nevola, V.R., Hale, B., Jackson, S., Greeves J.P., Roberts, R., and Blacker, S.D. (2017).\u00a0<strong>A statistical model to predict 12.8 km Loaded March performance to an Infantry standard for male and female British Army Personnel<\/strong>.\u00a0<em>P<\/em><em>resented at the 64th Annual meeting of the American College of Sports Medicine, June 2017, Denver, USA.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Walker, E. F., Blacker, S. D., Rayson, M. P., Coakley, S. L., Knapik, J. J., Gebhardt, J. J., &#8230; &amp; Myers, S. D. (2017<strong>). Identification and Verification of Critical Physically Demanding Tasks Undertaken by Royal Marines<\/strong>: 374 Board# 195 May 31 9.\u00a0<em>Medicine &amp; Science in Sports &amp; Exercise<\/em>,\u00a0<em>49<\/em>(5S), 94.\u00a0<em>P<\/em><em>resented at the 64th Annual meeting of the American College of Sports Medicine, June 2017, Denver, USA.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Flood, T., Waldron, M., and Jeffries, O. (2017)\u00a0<strong>Effect of L (-) Menthol on exercise at a Fixed-RPE in the heat<\/strong>.\u00a0<em>Presented at the 64th Annual meeting of the American College of Sports Medicine, June 2017, Denver, USA.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Willems, M. E., Doherty, J., &amp; Blacker, S. D. (2017).\u00a0<strong>No Adverse Effects of Matcha Green Tea Powder on Metabolic and Physiological Responses during Running<\/strong>: 3261 Board# 166 June 2 2.\u00a0<em>Medicine &amp; Science in Sports &amp; Exercise<\/em>,\u00a0<em>49<\/em>(5S), 929.\u00a0<em>P<\/em><em>resented at the 64th Annual meeting of the American College of Sports Medicine, June 2017, Denver, USA.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>2016<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Myers, S.D. McGuire, S.J. Blacker, S.D. Wilkinson, D.M. (2016).\u00a0<strong>Simulated Military Dismounted Assault Task: Metabolic demands and Relationship to Field Expedient Physical Tests<\/strong>. Medicine &amp; Science in Sports &amp; Exercise 48(5S):482-483. Presented at the 63rd Annual meeting of the American College of Sports Medicine, June 2016, Boston, USA.<\/li>\n<li>Blacker, S.D., West, A.T., Cordell, N., Wilkinson, D. M. (2016)\u00a0<strong>Development of an Aerobic Fitness Standard for Telecommunication Mast Climbers<\/strong>. Medicine &amp; Science in Sports &amp; Exercise 48(5S):482-483. Presented at the 63rd Annual meeting of the American College of Sports Medicine, June 2016, Boston, USA.<\/li>\n<li>Gallagher, C.A., Ashdown, K., Lucas, S., Ladha, C., Wright, A., Edsell, M., Malein, W., Thomas, O., Bradwell, A., Myers, S. (2016).\u00a0<strong>Losartan does not affect exercise performance at altitude (5000 m)<\/strong>.\u00a0<em>Presented at the Birmingham Medical Research Expeditionary Society Conference, November 2016, Birmingham, UK.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>2015<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Blacker S.D. and Sampson, A. (2015)\u00a0<strong>Montmorency tart cherry extract supplementation with no pre-exercise loading phase has no effect on recovery of muscle function or soreness following downhill running<\/strong>. Journal of Sports Sciences, 33(S1), S32. Presented at the British Association of Sports and Exercise Sciences Conference December 2015, Burton-Upon-Trent, UK.<\/li>\n<li>Willems, M.E.T., Cousins L, Williams D, Blacker, S.D., (2015)\u00a0<strong>Beneficial effect of New Zealand blackcurrant on maximal sprint speeds during the Loughborough Intermittent Shuttle Test<\/strong>. Presented at the International Society of Sports and Exercise Nutrition Conference, December 2015, Newcastle, UK.<\/li>\n<li>Perkins I, Vine S, Blacker S. D., Willems M. (2015)\u00a0<strong>New Zealand blackcurrant extract improves high-intensity intermittent running performance<\/strong>. Journal of Sports Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism, 25, S7, 2015.Presented at the International Society of Sports and Exercise Nutrition Conference, December 2015, Newcastle, UK.<\/li>\n<li>Blacker S.D., Myers S.D., West A.T., Wilkinson D.M. (2015)\u00a0<strong>A Comparison of Performance on Incremental Shuttle Running Tests with and Without Carrying a 15 kg Load and their Relationships with Load Carriage Performance<\/strong>. Presented at the Second International Conference on Physical Employment Standards, August 2015, Canmore, Alberta, Canada.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>2014<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Blacker S.D., Dunne A, Shiu J, Wilkinson D. M. (2014)\u00a0<strong>A Comparison of Participant and Researcher led Data Entry of Food Diaries for Dietary Analysis<\/strong>. Presented at the International Society of Sports and Exercise Nutrition Conference, December 2014, Newcastle, UK.<\/li>\n<li>Perkins, I.C., Vine, S.A., Blacker, S.D., Willems, M.E.T. (2014)\u00a0<strong>New Zealand Blackcurrant Extract Improves High-intensity Intermittent Running. A Comparison of Participant and Researcher led Data Entry of Food Diaries for Dietary Analysis<\/strong>. Presented at the International Society of Sports and Exercise Nutrition Conference, December 2014, Newcastle, UK.<\/li>\n<li>Cook, M.D., Myers, S.D., Blacker, S.D., Willems, M.E.T. (2014)\u00a0<strong>Effect of New Zealand blackcurrant extract on cycling performance across quartile distances and the final km of a 16.1 km time-trial<\/strong>. Presented at the International Society of Sports and Exercise Nutrition Conference, December 2014, Newcastle, UK.<\/li>\n<li>Willems M.E.T., Myers S.D., Blacker S.D. Cook, M.D. (2014<strong>) CurraNZ blackcurrant improves cycling performance and recovery in trained endurance athletes<\/strong>. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 11 (Suppl 1), P14). Presented at the Annual International Society of Sports Nutrition Conference and Expo, June 2014, Clearwater Beach, FL, USA.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>2012<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Rayson M.P., Wilkinson D.M., Blacker S.D., Richmond V.L., Horner F.E. (2012).\u00a0<strong>Optimizing the Selection and Training of Military Personnel: The U.K. Military experience<\/strong>. Presented at the Third International Committee of Military Medicine (ICMM) pan-Arab Regional Working Group (RWG) Congress on Military Medicine 2012, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.<\/li>\n<li>Rayson M.P., Wilkinson D.M., Blacker S.D., Richmond V.L., Horner F.E. (2012).\u00a0<strong>Prevention of Heat Illness<\/strong>. Presented at the Third International Committee of Military Medicine (ICMM) pan-Arab Regional Working Group (RWG) Congress on Military Medicine 2012, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.<\/li>\n<li>Blacker S.D., Richmond V.L., Wilkinson D.M., Carter J.M. and Rayson M.P. (2012).\u00a0<strong>Development of gender-free role-related physical tests for the British military and United Kingdom emergency services<\/strong>.\u00a0 In: Taylor, N.A.S., and Billing, D.C. (Editors). Physiological and physical employment standards I. Proceedings of the First Australian Conference on Physiological and Physical Employment Standards. November 2012. Canberra, Australia. ISBN: 978-1-74128-220-7 Pp. 75.<\/li>\n<li>Blacker S.D., Wilkinson D.M. and Rayson M.P. (2012).\u00a0<strong>Developing, implementing and refining physical selection standards for the British Army<\/strong>. In: Taylor, N.A.S., and Billing, D.C. (Editors). Physiological and physical employment standards I. Proceedings of the First Australian Conference on Physiological and Physical Employment Standards. November 2012. Canberra, Australia. ISBN: 978-1-74128-220-7 Pp. 96.<\/li>\n<li>Blacker S.D., Wilkinson D.M. and Rayson M.P.(2012)<strong>\u00a0Development of a gender-free role-related physical strength test for British Army applicants<\/strong>.\u00a0 In: Taylor, N.A.S., and Billing, D.C. (Editors). Physiological and physical employment standards I. Proceedings of the First Australian Conference on Physiological and Physical Employment Standards. November 2012. Canberra, Australia. ISBN: 978-1-74128-220-7 Pp. 98.<\/li>\n<li>Blacker S.D., Horner F.E., Wilkinson D.M., Linnane D.M., Brown PI, Rayson M.P. (2012).\u00a0<strong>Improving estimation of energy expenditure with accelerometers during military training using a field-based calibration procedure<\/strong>. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 44(5), S174. Presented at the American College of Sports Medicine Conference, June 2012, San Francisco, USA.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"javascript:void(0);\" id=\"fl-accordion--label-2\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"fl-accordion--panel-2\">Peer Reviewed Journal Articles<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#\" id=\"fl-accordion--icon-2\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"fl-accordion--panel-2\"><i>Expand<\/i><\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<p><em><strong>2021<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Vine, C. A., Myers, S. D., Coakley, S. L., Blacker, S. D., &amp; Runswick, O. R. (2021). Transferability of Military-Specific Cognitive Research to Military Training and Operations.\u00a0<em>Frontiers in Psychology<\/em>,\u00a0<em>12<\/em>, 386.<\/li>\n<li>Michael, S. W., Siddall, A. G., O&#8217;Leary, T. J., Groeller, H., Sampson, J. A., Blacker, S. D., &amp; Drain, J. R. (2021). Monitoring work and training load in military settings-what&#8217;s in the toolbox?.\u00a0<em>European Journal of Sport Science<\/em>, 1-14.<\/li>\n<li>Siddall, A. G., Rayson, M. P., Walker, E. F., Doherty, J., Osofa, J. I., Flood, T. R., &#8230; &amp; Blacker, S. D. (2021). Development of physical employment standards of specialist paramedic roles in the National Ambulance Resilience Unit (Naru).\u00a0<em>Applied Ergonomics<\/em>,\u00a0<em>95<\/em>, 103460.<\/li>\n<li>Waldock, K. A., Lee, B. J., Powell, S., Wardle, S. L., Blacker, S. D., Myers, S. D., &#8230; &amp; Potter, A. W. (2021). Field validation of The Heat Strain Decision Aid during military load carriage.\u00a0<em>Computers in Biology and Medicine<\/em>,\u00a0<em>134<\/em>, 104506.<\/li>\n<li>Costello, R., Keane, K. M., Lee, B. J., Willems, M. E., Myers, S. D., Myers, F., &#8230; &amp; Blacker, S. D. (2021). Plasma uptake of selected phenolic acids following New Zealand blackcurrant extract supplementation in humans.\u00a0<em>Journal of Dietary Supplements<\/em>, 1-16.<\/li>\n<li>Orr, R., Pope, R., Lopes, T. J. A., Leyk, D., Blacker, S., Bustillo-Aguirre, B. S., &amp; Knapik, J. J. (2021). Soldier Load Carriage, Injuries, Rehabilitation and Physical Conditioning: An International Approach.\u00a0<em>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health<\/em>,\u00a0<em>18<\/em>(8), 4010.<\/li>\n<li>Lovalekar, M., Hauret, K., Roy, T., Taylor, K., Blacker, S. D., Newman, P., &#8230; &amp; Canham-Chervak, M. (2021). Musculoskeletal injuries in military personnel-descriptive epidemiology, risk factor identification, and prevention. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>2020<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lucas SJE, Malein W, Thomas OD, Ashdown KM, Rue CA, Joyce KE, Newman C, Cadigan P, Johnson B, Myers SD, Myers FA, Wright AD, Delamere J, Imray CHE, Bradwell AR, Edsell M, and the Birmingham Medical Expeditionary Society. Effect of losartan on performance and physiological responses to exercise at high altitude (5,035 m).\u00a0 BMJ Open Sport Exercise Med . 2020; 7(1).<\/li>\n<li>Vine, C. A., Coakley, S. L., Blacker, S. D., Doherty, J., Hale, B. J., Walker, E. F., &#8230; &amp; Jackson, S. (2020).\u00a0<strong>Accuracy of Metabolic Cost Predictive Equations During Military Load Carriage.<\/strong>\u00a0The Journal of Strength &amp; Conditioning Research. Online ahead of print. doi: 10.1519\/JSC.0000000000003644.<\/li>\n<li>Flood, T. R., Montanari, S., Wicks, M., Blanchard, J., Sharpe, H., Taylor, L., &#8230; &amp; Lee, B. J. (2020).\u00a0<strong>Addition of pectin-alginate to a carbohydrate beverage does not maintain gastrointestinal barrier function during exercise in hot-humid conditions better than carbohydrate ingestion alone.\u00a0<\/strong>Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism. Oct;45(10):1145-1155.\u00a0 doi: 10.1139\/apnm-2020-0118.<\/li>\n<li>Hiles, A. M., Flood, T. R., Lee, B. J., Wheeler, L. E., Costello, R., Walker, E. F., &#8230; &amp; Willems, M. E. (2020).\u00a0<strong>Dietary supplementation with New Zealand blackcurrant extract enhances fat oxidation during submaximal exercise in the heat.\u00a0<\/strong>Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. doi: 10.1016\/j.jsams.2020.02.017.<\/li>\n<li>Joyce, K.E., Delamere, J., Bradwell, S., Myers, S.D., Ashdown, K., Rue, C., et al. (2020). H<strong>ypoxia is not the primary mechanism contributing to exercise-induced proteinuria.<\/strong>\u00a0BMJ Open Sport and Exercise Medicine, 6:e000662. doi:10.1136\/ bmjsem-2019-000662.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>2019<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Coakley, S.L., Myers, S.D. Walker E.F. Hale, B, Jackson, S. Greeves, J.P. Roberts, R. Blacker, S.D. (2019).\u00a0<strong>1.5 mile run time and body mass predict 8 mile loaded march performance, irrespective of sex.<\/strong>\u00a0Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 22(2), 217-221..<\/li>\n<li>Rue C.A., Rayson M. P., Walker E. F., Doherty J., Thompson J., Myers S.D. and Blacker S.D.<strong>\u00a0A Job Task Analysis to Describe the Physical Demands of Specialist Paramedic Roles in the National Ambulance Resilience Unit (NARU).<\/strong>\u00a0Work, 63(4): 547-557.<\/li>\n<li>Chasse, E., Tingelstad, H.C., Needham-Beck, S.C., &amp; Reilly, T. (2019).\u00a0<strong>Factors Affecting Performance on an Army Urban Operation Casualty Evacuation for Male and Female Soldiers<\/strong>. Military Medicine, 184(11-12), e856-62.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>2018<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Siddall, A.G. Powell, S.D. Needham-Beck, S.C. Edwards, V.C. Thompson J.E.S. Singh, P.A. Orford, E.R. Venables, M.C. Jackson, S. Greeves, J.P. Blacker, S.D. Myers, S.D.\u00a0<strong>Validity of energy expenditure estimation methods during 10 days of military training.<\/strong>\u00a0Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports, 29(9): 1313-1321.<\/li>\n<li>Flood, T. R. (2018).\u00a0<strong>Menthol Use for Performance in Hot Environments<\/strong>. Current sports medicine reports, 17(4), 135-139.<\/li>\n<li>Gavin, JP. Myers, SD. Willems, MET. (2018).\u00a0<strong>Cardiorespiratory and metabolic responses after exercise-induced muscle damage: the influence of lowered glycogen.\u00a0<\/strong>The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 56(3), 332-340.<\/li>\n<li>Lomax, M., Mayger, B., Saynor, Z., Vine, C., &amp; Massey, H. (2018).\u00a0<strong>Practical considerations for assessing pulmonary gas exchange and ventilation during flume swimming using the MetaSwim metabolic cart<\/strong>.\u00a0<em>Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li>Siddall, A. G., Stevenson, R. D., Turner, P. J., &amp; Bilzon, J. L. (2018).\u00a0<strong>Physical and Physiological Performance Determinants of a Firefighting Simulation Test<\/strong>.\u00a0<em>Journal of occupational and environmental medicine<\/em>,\u00a0<em>60<\/em>(7), 637-643.<\/li>\n<li>Flood, T. R. (2018).\u00a0<strong>Menthol Use for Performance in Hot Environments<\/strong>.\u00a0<em>Current sports medicine reports<\/em>,\u00a0<em>17<\/em>(4), 135-139.<\/li>\n<li>Bradwell, A.R., Ashdown, K., Rue, C., Delamere, J., Thomas, O.D., Lucas, S.J.E., Wright, A.D.,, Harris, S.J., Myers, S.D.\u00a0(2018). Acetazolamide reduces exercise capacity following a 5-day ascent to 4559 m in a randomized study. BMJ Open Sport &amp; Exercise Medicine, 4(1), e000302.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>2017<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Flood, T. R., Waldron, M., &amp; Jeffries, O. (2017).\u00a0<strong>Oral L-menthol reduces thermal sensation, increases work-rate and extends time to exhaustion, in the heat at a fixed rating of perceived exertion<\/strong>,\u00a0<em>European Journal of Applied Physiology, 117(7),\u00a0<\/em>1501-1512.<\/li>\n<li>Willems, M.E.T., Dos Santos Silva, J., Cook, M.D. Blacker, S.D. (2017)\u00a0<strong>Beneficial effects on fasting insulin and postprandial responses through 7-day intake of New Zealand blackcurrant powder.<\/strong>\u00a0<em>Functional Foods in Health &amp; Disease<\/em>, 7(7)<\/li>\n<li>Cook, MD. Myers, SD. Gault, ML. Edwards, VC. Willems, MET. (in-press).\u00a0<strong>Dose effects of New Zealand blackcurrant on substrate oxidation and physiological responses during prolonged cycling<\/strong>. Under review\u00a0<em>European Journal of Applied Physiology<\/em>. 17(6):1207-1216.<\/li>\n<li>Martin, NRW. Aguilar-Agon. K. Robinson, GP. Player, DJ. Turner, MC. Myers, SD. Lewis, MP. (2017).\u00a0<strong>Hypoxia impairs muscle function and myotube size in tissue engineered skeletal muscle.<\/strong>\u00a0<em>Journal of Cellular Biochemistry<\/em>, 18(9):2599-2605<\/li>\n<li>Cook, MD. Myers, SD. Gault, ML. Edwards, VC. Willems, MET. (2017).\u00a0<strong>Cardiovascular Function during Supine Rest in Endurance Trained Males with New Zealand Blackcurrant: A Dose-Response Study<\/strong>.\u00a0<em>European Journal of Applied Physiology<\/em>, 117: 2, 274-254.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>2016<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Blacker, S.D., Rayson, M.P. Wilkinson, D.M., Carter, J.C., Nevill, A. Richmond, V.L. (2016)\u00a0<strong>Development of Physical Selection and Criterion Performance Tests for UK Fire and Rescue Service Personnel.\u00a0<\/strong><em>Occupational Medicine<\/em>,\u00a0<em>66(1): 38-45. Journal Impact Factor<\/em>\u00a02015: 1.128; Web of Science citations: 2; GS citations: 4; Altmetric score: 9<\/li>\n<li>Gavin, JP. Myers, SD. Willems, MET. (in-press).\u00a0<strong>Cardiorespiratory and metabolic responses after exercise-induced muscle damage: the influence of lowered glycogen.<\/strong>\u00a0<em>The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, In-press.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Gavin, JP. Myers, SD. Willems, MET. (2016).<strong>\u00a0Effect of eccentric exercise with reduced muscle glycogen on plasma interleukin-6 and neuromuscular responses of m. quadriceps femoris<\/strong>.\u00a0<em>Journal of Applied Physiology<\/em>, 1;121(1):173-184.<\/li>\n<li>Gavin, JP. Myers, SD. Willems, MET. (2015).\u00a0<strong>The accumulative effect of concentric-biased and eccentric-biased exercise on cardiorespiratory and metabolic responses to subsequent low-intensity exercise: a preliminary study.\u00a0<\/strong><em>Journal of Human Kinetics<\/em>, 49: 131-140.<\/li>\n<li>Cook, MD. Myers, SD. Blacker, S. Willems, MET. (2015).\u00a0<strong>New Zealand Blackcurrant Extract Improves Cycling Performance and Fat Oxidation in Cyclists.<\/strong>\u00a0<em>European Journal of Applied Physiology,<\/em>\u00a0115: 11, 2357-2365.<\/li>\n<li>Carden, P. Izard, R. Greeves, JP. Lake, J. Myers, SD. (2015).\u00a0<strong>Force and acceleration characteristics of British Army foot drill: Implications for injury risk.\u00a0<\/strong><em>BMJ Open Sport &amp; Exercise Medicine<\/em>, 0:e000025. DOI:10.1136\/bmjsem-2015-000025<\/li>\n<li>Willems, MET. Myers, SD. Gault ML. Cook, MD. (2015).\u00a0<strong>Beneficial physiological effects with blackcurrant intake in endurance athletes.<\/strong>\u00a0<em>International Journal of Sport Nutrition &amp; Exercise Metabolism,<\/em>\u00a025: 367-374.<\/li>\n<li>Willems, M.E.T., Cousins, L., Williams, D. Blacker, S.D. (2016)\u00a0<strong>Beneficial Effects of New Zealand Blackcurrant Extract on Maximal Sprint Speed during the Loughborough Intermittent Shuttle Test.\u00a0<\/strong><em>Sports,\u00a0<\/em>4 (3).<\/li>\n<li>Cook, M. Myers, SD. Kelly, J. Willems MTE. (2015).\u00a0<strong>Effect of level and downhill running on breathing efficiency.\u00a0<\/strong><em>Sports<\/em>, 3(1): 12-20.<\/li>\n<li>Gavin, J. Myers, SD. Willems M. (2015).\u00a0<strong>Neuromuscular responses to mild-muscle damaging exercise in a low or normal glycogen state.<\/strong>\u00a0<em>Journal of Electrical Myography &amp; Kinesiology<\/em>, 25: 53-60.<\/li>\n<li>Cook, M. Myers, SD. Kelly, J. Willems M. (2015).\u00a0<strong>Acute post-exercise effects of concentric and eccentric exercise on glucose clearance.<\/strong><em>\u00a0International Journal of Sport Nutrition &amp; Exercise Metabolism<\/em>, 25(1): 14-19.<\/li>\n<li>Gallagher, CG. Willems, MTE, Lewis, MP, Myers SD. (2015).\u00a0<strong>The application of maximal heart rate predictive equations in hypoxic conditions.<\/strong>\u00a0<em>European Journal of Applied Physiology:<\/em>\u00a0Volume 115(2): 277-284.<\/li>\n<li>Gavin, JP. Myers, SD. Willems, MET. (2015).\u00a0<strong>The effect of glycogen reduction on cardiorespiratory and metabolic responses during downhill running.<\/strong>\u00a0<em>European Journal of Applied Physiology<\/em>\u00a0115(5), 1125-1133.<\/li>\n<li>Faghy, M., Blacker, S.D., Brown, P.I. (2016)\u00a0<strong>Effects of load mass carried in a backpack upon respiratory muscle fatigue.<\/strong>\u00a0<em>European Journal of Sport Science<\/em>, 16 (8). pp. 1032-1038.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>2015<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Perkins, I.C., Vine, S.A., Blacker, S.D., Willems, M.E.T (2015).\u00a0<strong>New Zealand Blackcurrant Extract Improves High-intensity Intermittent Running.\u00a0<\/strong><em>International Journal of Sport Nutrition &amp; Exercise Metabolism,\u00a0<\/em>25(5): 487-93.<\/li>\n<li>Cook, M.D., Myers, S.D., Blacker, S.D., Willems, M.E.T.\u00a0<strong>New Zealand Blackcurrant Extract Improves Cycling Performance and Fat Oxidation in Cyclists<\/strong>.\u00a0<em>European Journal of Applied Physiology,\u00a0<\/em>115(11): 2357-65.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>2014<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Edsell, ME. Wimalasena, YH. Malein, WL. Ashdown, KM. Gallagher, C. Imray, CH. Wright AD. Myers, SD. for the Birmingham Medical Research Expeditionary Society (2014). I<strong>ntermittent strenuous exercise increases pulmonary interstitial fluid at altitude, but not simulated altitude.<\/strong>\u00a0Wilderness &amp; Environmental Medicine. 25(4): 409-415.<\/li>\n<li>Gallagher, CG. Willems, MTE, Lewis, MP, Myers SD. (2014).<strong>\u00a0Effect of acute normobaric hypoxia on the ventilatory threshold.<\/strong>\u00a0<em>European Journal of Applied Physiology,<\/em>\u00a0114(8): 1555-1562.<\/li>\n<li>Bradwell, AR. Myers, SD. Beazley, M. Ashdown, K. Harris, NG. Bradwell, SB. Goodhart, J. Imray, CHE. Wimalasena, Y. Edsell, M. Wright, AD. Harris, SJ. and the Birmingham Medical Research Expeditionary Society (2014).\u00a0<strong>Adverse effect of acetazolamide on exercise at altitude (3,459m).\u00a0<\/strong><em>Wilderness &amp; Environmental Medicine<\/em>. 35: 272-277.<\/li>\n<li>Blacker, S.D., Wilkinson, D.M., Rayson, M.P., Richmond, V.L., (2014).\u00a0<strong>The gender-neutral timed obstacle course: a valid test of police fitness? (Letter to the Editor).\u00a0<\/strong><em>Occupational Medicine (London)\u00a0<\/em>64: 391.<\/li>\n<li>Wilkinson, D.M., Blacker, S.D., Richmond, V.L., Rayson, M.P., Bilzon, J.L. (2014).\u00a0<strong>Relationship between the 2.4-km run and multistage shuttle run test performance in military personnel.\u00a0<\/strong><em>Military Medicine<\/em>, 179(2): 203-207.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>2013<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Blacker S.D., Fallowfield .J.L. Bilzon J.L.J. Willems M.E. (2013)\u00a0<strong>Neuromuscular impairment following backpack load carriage.<\/strong>\u00a0Journal of Human Kinetics, 5 (37), 91-8.<\/li>\n<li>Richmond, V. L., Wilkinson, D. M., Blacker, S. D., Horner, F. E., Carter, J., Havenith, G. (2013).<strong>\u00a0Insulated skin temperature as a measure of core body temperature for individuals wearing CBRN protective clothing.\u00a0<\/strong><em>Physiological Measurement<\/em>, 34(11), 1531-1543.<\/li>\n<li>Blacker S.D., Fallowfield J.L., Willems M.E. (2013). Intra- and interday reliability of voluntary and electrically stimulated isometric contractions of the quadriceps femoris.\u00a0<em>Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology\u00a0<\/em>23(4): 886-91.<\/li>\n<li>Horner F.E., Bilzon J.L., Rayson M.P., Blacker S.D., Richmond V.L., Carter J.M., Wright A., Nevill A. (2012).\u00a0<strong>Development of an accelerometer-based multivariate model to predict free-living energy expenditure in a large military cohort<em>.<\/em>\u00a0<\/strong><em>Journal of Sports Sciences<\/em>. 31(4): 354-60.<\/li>\n<li>Blacker S.D., Carter J.M., Wilkinson D.M., Richmond V.L., Rayson M.P., Peattie M. (2013).\u00a0<strong>Physiological responses of Police Officers during job simulations wearing chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear personal protective equipment.<\/strong>\u00a0<em>Ergonomics<\/em>. 56(1): 137-47.<\/li>\n<li>Gavin, J. Willems M. Myers, SD. (2013).\u00a0<strong>Reproducibility of speed lactate markers during 4 and 8 min stage incremental running: a pilot study\u00a0<\/strong><em>Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport<\/em>, 17(6): 635-639.<\/li>\n<li>Gavin, J. Myers, SD. Willems M. (2013).\u00a0<strong>Physiological responses at various lactate markers for running at 4 and 8 minute treadmill increments Sport Scientific and Practical Aspects<\/strong>\u00a0&#8211;\u00a0<em>International Scientific Journal of Kinesiology,<\/em>\u00a010: 1, 5-14.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>2012<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Carter J.M., Loney T., Blacker S.D., Nicholson G.F. and Wilkinson D.M. (2012)\u00a0<strong>Hydration status of Arabic adolescents and young men: measurement, evaluation, and a school-based initiative to improve drinking behaviour.\u00a0<\/strong><em>International Journal of Sports Nutrition &amp; Exercise Metabolism<\/em>. 22(4): 257-66.<\/li>\n<li>Fallowfield J. L., Blacker S.D., Willems M.E., Davey T., Layden J. (2012)\u00a0<strong>Neuromuscular and cardiovascular responses of Royal Marine recruits to load carriage in the field.\u00a0<\/strong><em>Applied Ergonomics<\/em>. 43(6): 1131-7.<\/li>\n<li>Myers, S. Dobbins, T. King, S. Hall, B. Holmes, SR. Gunston, T. &amp; Dyson, R. (2012).\u00a0<strong>Effectiveness of suspension seats in maintaining performance following military high-speed boat transits.<\/strong>\u00a0<em>Human Factors<\/em>, 54(2): 264-276.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>2011<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Blacker S.D., Horner FL, Brown PI, Linnane D.M., Wilkinson D.M., Wright A, Bluck LJ, Rayson M.P. (2011).\u00a0<strong>Health, Fitness and Responses to Military Training of Officer Cadets in a Gulf Cooperation Council Country.\u00a0<\/strong><em>Military Medicine<\/em>. 176(12): 1376-1381.<\/li>\n<li>Wilkinson D.M., Blacker S.D., Richmond V.L., Horner F.E., Rayson M.P., Spiess A., Knapik J. J. (2011).\u00a0<strong>Injuries and injury risk factors among British Army infantry soldiers.<\/strong>\u00a0<em>Injury Prevention<\/em>. 17(6): 381-7.<\/li>\n<li>Blacker S.D., Williams N.C., Fallowfield .J.L., Willems M.E. (2011).\u00a0<strong>The effect of a carbohydrate beverage on the physiological responses during prolonged load carriage<em>.<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0<em>European Journal of Applied Physiology<\/em>. 111(8): 1901-8.<\/li>\n<li>Rhodes, HL. Chesterman, K. Chan, CW. Collins, P, Kewley, E. KTS Pattinson, KTS. Myers, S. Imray, CHE. Wright, AD. &amp; the Birmingham Medical Research Expeditionary Society (2011).\u00a0<strong>Systemic blood pressure, arterial stiffness and pulse waveform analysis at altitude.<\/strong>\u00a0<em>Journal of the Royal Army Medical Corps<\/em>, 157: 110-113. DOI: 10.1136\/jramc-157-01-18.<\/li>\n<li>Myers, S. Dobbins, T. King, S. Hall, B. Ayling, R. Holmes S.R., Gunston, T. &amp; Dyson, R. (2011)\u00a0<strong>Physiological consequences of military high-speed boat transits.<\/strong>\u00a0<em>European Journal of Applied Physiology<\/em>\u00a011(9): 2041-2049. DOI: 10.1007\/s00421-010-1765-3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>2010<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Brown P.I., McLellan T.M., Linnane D.M., Wilkinson D.M., Richmond V.L. Horner F.E., Blacker S.D., Rayson M.P. (2010).<strong>\u00a0Influence of hydration volume and ambient temperature on physiological responses while wearing CBRN protective clothing.\u00a0<\/strong><em>Ergonomics<\/em>. 53(12): 1484-1499.<\/li>\n<li>Hopker, J. Myers, S. Jobson, SA. Bruce, W. &amp; Passfield, L. (2010).<strong>\u00a0Validity and reliability of the WattBike cycle ergometer.<\/strong>\u00a0<em>International Journal of Sports Medicine<\/em>, 31: 731-736.<\/li>\n<li>Blacker S.D., Fallowfield J.L., Bilzon J.L.J., Willems M.E. (2010).<strong>\u00a0Neuromuscular function following prolonged load carriage on level and downhill gradients.\u00a0<\/strong><em>Aviation Space Environmental Medicine<\/em>. 81(8): 745-753.<\/li>\n<li>Blacker S.D., Williams N.C., Fallowfield .J.L., Bilzon .J.L.J., Willems M.E. (2010).\u00a0<strong>Carbohydrate vs protein supplementation for recovery of neuromuscular function following prolonged load carriage.<\/strong>\u00a0Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition<em>. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition. 12(7:2)<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li>Blacker S.D., Fallowfield J.L., Bilzon J.L.J., Willems M.E. (2010).\u00a0<strong>Within-day and between-days reproducibility of isokinetic parameters of knee, trunk and shoulder movements.<\/strong>\u00a0<em>Isokinetics and Exercise Science<\/em>. 18: 45-55.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>2009<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Blacker S.D., Fallowfield J.L., Bilzon J.L.J., Willems M.E. (2009).\u00a0<strong>Physiological responses to load carriage during level and downhill treadmill walking.\u00a0<\/strong><em>Medicina Sportiva<\/em>. 13(2): 108-124.<\/li>\n<li>Blacker S.D., Wilkinson D.M., Rayson M.P. (2009).\u00a0<strong>Gender differences in the physical demands of British Army recruit training<\/strong>.\u00a0<em>Military Medicine<\/em>. 174(8): 811-816.<em>2008<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Richmond V.L., Rayson M.P., Wilkinson D.M., Carter J.M., Blacker S.D. (2008).\u00a0<strong>Physical demands of firefighter search and rescue in ambient environmental conditions.\u00a0<\/strong><em>Ergonomics<\/em>. 51(7): 1023-1031.<\/li>\n<li>Richmond V.L., Rayson M.P., Wilkinson D.M., Carter J.M., Blacker S.D., Nevill A., Ross J.D., Moore S. (2008).\u00a0<strong>Development of an operational fitness test for the Royal Air Force.\u00a0<\/strong><em>Ergonomics<\/em>. 51(6): 935-946.<\/li>\n<li>Blacker S.D., Wilkinson D.M., Bilzon J.L.J., Rayson M.P. (2008)\u00a0<strong>Risk factors for training injuries among British Army recruits.<\/strong>\u00a0<em>Military Medicine<\/em>. 173(3): 278-286.<\/li>\n<li>Wilkinson D.M., Carter J.M., Richmond V.L., Blacker S.D., Rayson M.P. (2008).\u00a0<strong>The effect of cool water ingestion on gastrointestinal pill temperature.<\/strong>\u00a0<em>Medicine and Science in Sports Exercise<\/em>. 40(3): 523-528.<\/li>\n<li>Carter J.M., Wilkinson D.M., Blacker S.D., Rayson M.P., Bilzon J.L.J, Izard R.M., Coward A, Wright A., Nevill A., Rennie K., McCaffrey T. and Livingston B. (2008).\u00a0<strong>An investigation of a novel three dimensional accelerometer to predict free-living energy expenditure.<\/strong>\u00a0<em>Journal of Sports Sciences<\/em>. 26(6): 553-561.<\/li>\n<li>McMorris, T, Myers, S. Dobbins, T. Hall, B. Dyson, R. (2009).\u00a0<strong>Seating type and cognitive performance after 3 hours travel by high-speed boat in sea states 2-3.\u00a0<\/strong><em>Aviation Space Environmental Medicine<\/em>. 80(1): 24-28.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>2008<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Imray, CHE. Pattinson, KT. Myers, S. Chan, CW. Hoar, H. Brearey, S. Collins, P. &amp;. Wright, AD. (2008).\u00a0<strong>Intrapulmonary and intracardiac shunting with exercise at altitude.<\/strong>\u00a0<em>Wilderness &amp; Environmental Medicine<\/em>. 19(3): 199-204.<\/li>\n<li>Myers, SD. Biccard, BM. Chan, C. Imray, CH. Wright, AD. Pattinson, KT. (2008).\u00a0<strong>Delayed acclimatization of the ventilatory threshold in healthy trekkers.<\/strong>\u00a0<em>Wilderness &amp; Environmental Medicine<\/em>; 1(2):124-128.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>2007<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Richmond V., Wilkinson D., Carter J., Blacker S., Rayson M. (2007)\u00a0<strong>Validity of the 3dNX (TM) triaxial accelerometer for predicting oxygen uptake.<\/strong>\u00a0<em>Contemporary Ergonomics<\/em>, 531-536.<\/li>\n<li>Carter J.M., Rayson M.P., Wilkinson D.M., Richmond V., Blacker S.\u00a0 (2007)\u00a0<strong>Strategies to combat heat strain during and after firefighting,<\/strong>\u00a0<em>Journal of Thermal Biology<\/em>. 32(2): 109-116.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>2005<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Imray, CH. Myers, SD. Pattinson, KTS. Bradwell, AR. Chan, CW. Harris, S. Collins, P. &amp; Wright, AD. (2005).\u00a0<strong>Effect of exercise on cerebral perfusion in humans at high altitude.<\/strong>\u00a0<em>Journal of Applied Physiology<\/em>. 99: 699-706.<\/li>\n<li>Passfield, L. Dobbins, T. Myers, SD. Reily, M. &amp; Williams, EM. (2005).\u00a0<strong>Acute cardio-respiratory changes induced by hyperpnoea using a respiratory muscle trainer.<\/strong>\u00a0<em>Ergonomics<\/em>\u00a048: 1423-1432.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>2004<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Pattinson, K., Myers, SD. &amp; Gardner-Thorpe, K. (2004).<strong>\u00a0Problems with capnography at high altitude.\u00a0<\/strong><em>Anaesthesia<\/em>\u00a059: 69-72.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong>2003<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Bygrave, S. Legg, SJ. Myers, SD. &amp; Llewellyn, MGA. (2003).\u00a0<strong>Effect of backpack fit on lung function.\u00a0<\/strong><em>Ergonomics\u00a0<\/em>47: 324-329.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>1999<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Wilkinson, DM. Fallowfield, JL. &amp; Myers, SD. (1999).\u00a0<strong>A Modified incremental shuttle run test for the determination of peak shuttle running speed and the prediction of maximal oxygen uptake.<\/strong>\u00a0Journal of Sports Sciences 17: 413-419.<\/li>\n<li>McMorris T. Myers, SD. MacGillivary, WW. Sexsmith, JR. Fallowfield, JL. &amp; Graydon, J. (1999).<strong>\u00a0Exercise, plasma catecholamine concentrations and decision-making performance of soccer players on a sport-specific test.\u00a0<\/strong>Journal of Sports Sciences 17: 667-676.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\n\t\tLatest News\n\t<\/h2>\n    <p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.chi.ac.uk\/news\/worldwide-research-groups-welcomed-to-chichester-for-international-occupational-performance-symposium\/\">Worldwide research groups welcomed to Chichester for International Occupational Performance Symposium<\/a><\/p>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Occupational Performance Research Group (OPRG) Specialist Research in Occupational Performance Delivering research and consultancy to enhance performance in physically demanding occupations The Occupational Performance Research Group (OPRG) is led by Professor Steve Myers and Professor Sam Blacker, supported by a [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":29,"featured_media":0,"parent":69548,"menu_order":13,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"page-builder","ast-site-content-layout":"full-width-container","site-content-style":"unboxed","site-sidebar-style":"unboxed","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"default","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"department":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v22.7 - 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